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Employer of record in the UK: costs, rules and how to hire

An Employer of Record (EOR) hire in the United Kingdom can be live in three to five days. Setting up your own legal entity takes three to six months. That gap is wide enough to matter for most hiring decisions, and it shapes how most foreign employers enter the market for the first time.

Speed is not the only reason to pay attention to the numbers here. The National Living Wage sits at £12.71 per hour as of 2026, and employer social contributions run at 15% of gross salary above a £5,000 annual threshold. Statutory paid annual leave is 28 days, which is among the most generous figures we track across all the countries on this site. There is no thirteenth-salary obligation, which keeps year-end payroll predictable.

The UK labour force is large, at roughly 35.5 million people, and the EOR market here is crowded, with most major providers present. That competition generally works in a buyer's favour on price and service quality, though it also means the comparison on this page is worth reading carefully before you commit to a provider.

How should you hire in United Kingdom?

Employer of Record (EOR)
Time to first hire
Days
Upfront cost
None
Ongoing cost
From $99–$699/employee/month
Best when
You want 1–5 hires fast, without a local entity or in-house payroll expertise.
Your own legal entity
Time to first hire
Months
Upfront cost
Incorporation, registrations, local counsel
Ongoing cost
Payroll, accounting, filings, benefits administration
Best when
You are building a long-term team (roughly 10+ employees) and want full control.
Independent contractor
Time to first hire
Immediate
Upfront cost
None
Ongoing cost
Contractor invoices only
Best when
Genuinely project-based, independent work. Misclassifying an employee as a contractor carries real penalties.

Rule of thumb: an EOR wins on speed and simplicity for the first handful of hires; once a team in United Kingdom passes roughly ten people, running your own entity usually starts to win. Treat that as a risk-adjusted rule of thumb rather than a calculation. Registration and accounting are the cheap part; the costs that decide it are payroll software, local employment-law advice, pension administration and the statutory sick-pay and termination exposure you take on directly once you are the employer. 59 EOR providers currently offer employment in United Kingdom. See our independent ranking.

Contractor misclassification is a genuine pressure point in the UK, and it has been sharpened by IR35 legislation. IR35 rules require medium and large private-sector businesses to assess whether a contractor who works through a personal service company should, in substance, be treated as an employee for tax purposes. If HMRC disagrees with your assessment, the liability for unpaid income tax and National Insurance falls on the fee-payer, which is typically you as the client. The UK's Employment Protection Legislation score for temporary workers is low at 0.4 on the OECD's 0-to-6 index, meaning the rules on using contractors are relatively permissive in theory, but IR35 has added a compliance layer that makes casual contractor arrangements risky in practice for any role that looks like ongoing, directed work.

For most foreign employers testing the UK market with one to five hires, an EOR is the more practical starting structure. You avoid the three-to-six month entity setup timeline, you get compliant payroll from day one, and you transfer the IR35 assessment burden to a provider that runs these determinations routinely. In my experience, the employers who regret going EOR first are rare; the ones who regret rushing into a UK entity before they understood the full employer cost picture are more common. The employer social contribution rate, the automatic pension enrolment obligation, and the 28-day leave entitlement all need to be priced into your headcount model before an entity makes financial sense.

Once you have a stable team and a clear long-term commitment to the UK, a wholly owned subsidiary becomes worth the setup effort. The corporate tax rate is 25%, and the UK's overall tax wedge of 32.4% is moderate by Western European standards. The entity route also gives you direct control over employment contracts, equity schemes, and the kind of employer branding that matters when competing for senior talent in a deep labour market.

United Kingdom employment facts at a glance

Minimum wage (hourly)12.7 GBP/hourNational government · 2026
Employer social contributions13.7% of grossOECD · 2025
Employee social contributions5.6% of grossOECD · 2025
Total tax wedge32.4%OECD · 2025
Payroll cycleMonthlyEmploy Borderless research · 2026
13th salaryNot standardEmploy Borderless research · 2026
Paid annual leave (minimum)28 daysEmploy Borderless research · 2026
Public holidays (national)8 daysEmploy Borderless research · 2026
Paid maternity leave39 weeksOECD Family Database · 2024
Paid paternity leave2 weeksEmploy Borderless research · 2026
Paid parental leaveNoneOECD Family Database · 2024
Average weekly hours actually worked35.1 hoursILOSTAT · 2025
Statutory retirement age66Employ Borderless research · 2024
Trade union membership22% of employeesOECD/AIAS ICTWSS · 2024
Collective bargaining coverage40.2% of employeesOECD/AIAS ICTWSS · 2024
Maximum probation periodNo statutory probation period; probation is contractual onlyNational government · 2026
Statutory notice period (employer)7–84 days, by tenureNational government · 2026
Statutory notice period (employee)7 daysNational government · 2026
Statutory severanceYes, from 0 months of salary per year of service (under 2 years)National government · 2026

Watch: how to hire in United Kingdom

Average salary in United Kingdom by occupation

Gross monthly earnings of employees per ISCO-08 occupation group, in GBP, from the ILO's official labour statistics. These are the latest published survey figures for United Kingdom(reference year 2025), refreshed automatically when the ILO releases newer data. Survey earnings, not the statutory minimum wage above. Use them to benchmark an offer before an EOR quote turns it into total employer cost.

All occupations3,157$3,567
Managers · ISCO 14,576$5,171
Professionals · ISCO 23,871$4,374
Technicians and associate professionals · ISCO 33,168$3,580
Clerical support workers · ISCO 42,280$2,577
Service and sales workers · ISCO 51,953$2,207
Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers · ISCO 62,152$2,431
Craft and related trades workers · ISCO 72,974$3,360
Plant and machine operators and assemblers · ISCO 82,733$3,088
Elementary occupations · ISCO 91,504$1,699

Source: ILOSTAT, the International Labour Organization's statistics database (average monthly earnings of employees, both sexes), reference year 2025.

What it costs to employ in United Kingdom

Mandatory employer contributionsOECD · 2025
Employer social contributions13.66% · $8,700/yr
Total employer cost on top of gross salary13.66%

Worked example: at the average United Kingdom wage of $63,691/year (OECD, 2024), mandatory employer contributions add $8,700/year, bringing the true cost of employment to $72,391/year, or $6,033/month.

Calculate it for your salary
🇬🇧United Kingdom
GBP
🇬🇧
United Kingdom
Employer cost breakdown · OECD 2025 data
+13.7% overhead
Gross annual salary£50,000
Employer contributions
+ Employer social contributions (13.7%)£6,830
Total employer cost£56,830
What your employee pays (deductions)
− Employee social contributions (5.6%)−£2,796
− Income tax (est. 17.6%)−£8,775
Your employee's estimated take-home£38,429

Based on OECD 2025 aggregate data for a single earner at average wage.

Termination and severance in United Kingdom

UK employment law requires fair dismissal procedures and provides strong employee protections through unfair dismissal claims for employees with 2+ years service. Employers must follow proper consultation processes and provide statutory redundancy pay based on age and tenure. Notice periods are relatively short but severance obligations increase significantly with age and service length.

Statutory notice period by tenure
TenureEmployer notice
0.1–2 years7 days
2–3 years14 days
3–4 years21 days
4–5 years28 days
5–6 years35 days
6–7 years42 days
7–8 years49 days
8–9 years56 days
9–10 years63 days
10–11 years70 days
11–12 years77 days
12+ years84 days
Statutory severance by tenure
TenureSeverance per year of service
Under 2 years0 months of salary
2–22 years½ month of salary
22–40 years1 month of salary
40+ years1.5 months of salary

The periods above are the employer's statutory minimum under section 86 of the Employment Rights Act 1996: one week once the employee has a month's service, then one week per complete year from two years, capped at twelve weeks. The employee's statutory notice is one week whatever their tenure. A contract can set longer terms for either side, and most do.

Source: National government · 2026. Statutory minimums; collective agreements and contracts can set higher terms. During the probation period (no statutory probation period; probation is contractual only) shorter or no notice may apply.

What catches employers out in United Kingdom

The UK has a short list of compliance requirements that trip up foreign employers who assume the rules here mirror those in the US or continental Europe. Each of the following deserves attention before your first hire goes live.

Written statement of employment particulars on day one

UK law requires employers to hand every new employee a written statement covering pay, hours, holiday, and notice from the very first day of employment. There is no grace period. Foreign employers who plan to issue a full contract pack after a probation period has started are already non-compliant by the time the employee walks in.

Source

The 48-hour working time limit and the opt-out

Under the Working Time Regulations, workers cannot average more than 48 hours per week unless they sign a written opt-out. The average is calculated over a reference period, not week by week, so employers who run variable rotas or heavy overtime schedules need UK-specific controls rather than a simple weekly cap approach.

Source

Holiday pay is broader than basic salary

The UK's 28-day statutory leave entitlement is only part of the story. For workers with variable earnings, holiday pay calculations must include more than base salary. Using a flat-rate formula when an employee earns commission, regular overtime, or allowances can underpay leave and expose you to claims.

Source

Automatic pension enrolment starts quickly

Employers must automatically enrol eligible workers into a workplace pension scheme. Eligibility kicks in for workers aged 22 to State Pension age who earn at least £10,000 a year and work in the UK. The obligation begins early in the employment relationship and carries ongoing employer contribution requirements and a mandatory re-enrolment cycle every three years.

Source

Right-to-work checks must happen before employment starts

UK employers are legally required to carry out prescribed right-to-work checks before a new hire begins work. Assuming a visa is in place is not sufficient. You need a documented, compliant check process for every hire, and penalties for getting it wrong fall on the employer.

Source

Your next step

Our current top-rated EOR providers for United Kingdom:

59 EOR providers can employ for you in United Kingdom. Compare them independently, or tell us about your hire and get a shortlist matched to your situation.

Common questions about hiring in United Kingdom

How quickly can I hire someone in the UK without setting up a company?
Using an EOR, you can have an employee on payroll in three to five days. Setting up your own UK entity typically takes three to six months, covering company registration, payroll registration, and pension scheme setup.
What does it cost an employer to hire in the UK beyond the salary?
Employer social contributions run at 15% of gross salary above a £5,000 annual threshold. You also carry mandatory workplace pension contributions and must budget for 28 days of statutory paid annual leave per employee.
Is there a thirteenth-month salary or annual bonus obligation in the UK?
No. The UK has no statutory thirteenth-salary requirement. Any bonus or additional payment is a matter of contract, not law.
What are the notice period rules when terminating a UK employee?
Statutory notice periods in the UK scale with tenure, starting at 7 days for employees with one to two years of service and increasing incrementally up to 84 days for those with 12 or more years. Contractual notice can exceed these minimums but cannot fall below them.
When does statutory redundancy pay apply in the UK?
Statutory redundancy pay applies once an employee has at least two years of continuous service. The amount depends on age and length of service, with multipliers that increase for older workers. Employees with under two years of service receive no statutory redundancy pay.
What is the minimum wage in the UK?
The National Living Wage is £12.71 per hour as of 2026. Different rates apply to younger workers and apprentices, so the rate you must pay depends on the employee's age.
How does IR35 affect hiring contractors in the UK?
IR35 rules require medium and large businesses to assess whether contractors working through personal service companies should be treated as employees for tax purposes. If HMRC challenges your assessment, the unpaid tax and National Insurance liability typically falls on you as the client, not the contractor.