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Hiring in India with an EOR: costs, rules, and how it works (2026)

Everything you need to know about hiring employees in India through an employer of record.

India's employer social contribution rate sits at 19.75 percent of gross salary, and for that cost you get access to a labour force of more than 617 million people, the largest English-speaking professional talent pool in the world. That headline rate funds the Employees' Provident Fund (EPF), the Employees' State Insurance (ESI) scheme, and linked insurance and administrative charges, all of which are mandatory from the first eligible hire.

What hiring here actually involves is more layered than the contribution rate suggests. India does not operate a single national employment code in practice; state-level rules on working hours, leave, and establishment registration sit alongside four central labour codes that are still being phased in. The statutory minimum wage of 4,628 INR per month is a national floor in name only, because the real floor in any given role is set by state and industry notifications that can run considerably higher. Payroll runs monthly, a thirteenth salary is mandatory, and maternity leave extends to 26 weeks, one of the longest statutory entitlements in Asia.

Forty-four providers publish EOR pricing for India, with published base fees running from $75 to $699 per employee per month. That range reflects genuine differences in service depth, not just margin, because India's compliance surface area is wide enough that a cheaper provider cutting corners on state-level registration can create real liability.

How should you hire in India?

Employer of Record (EOR)
Time to first hire
Days
Upfront cost
None
Ongoing cost
From $99–$699/employee/month
Best when
You want 1–5 hires fast, without a local entity or in-house payroll expertise.
Your own legal entity
Time to first hire
Months
Upfront cost
Incorporation, registrations, local counsel
Ongoing cost
Payroll, accounting, filings, benefits administration
Best when
You are building a long-term team (roughly 5+ employees) and want full control.
Independent contractor
Time to first hire
Immediate
Upfront cost
None
Ongoing cost
Contractor invoices only
Best when
Genuinely project-based, independent work. Misclassifying an employee as a contractor carries real penalties.

Rule of thumb: an EOR wins on speed and simplicity for the first handful of hires; once a team in India grows past roughly five people, running your own entity usually becomes cheaper than paying a monthly fee per employee. 51 EOR providers currently offer employment in India. See our independent ranking.

The break-even question in India is sharper than in most markets. Setting up your own entity takes three to six months and requires navigating company registration, tax identification, EPF and ESI registration, and state-level Shops and Establishments Act compliance before you can legally pay anyone. An EOR hire, by contrast, can be live in three to five days. If you are testing a market with one or two hires, the monthly EOR fee is almost certainly cheaper than the legal, accounting, and management overhead of a local entity, even at the higher end of the published price range. In my experience, the entity calculation only starts to shift once you are looking at a team large enough that the per-head EOR fee exceeds what a dedicated local HR and compliance function would cost, and in India that threshold tends to be higher than employers expect because compliance complexity does not shrink proportionally as headcount grows.

The legal risk picture in India deserves careful attention once you move beyond the cost arithmetic. The Industrial Relations Code 2020 requires government permission before terminating employees in establishments above a certain size threshold, and termination without cause is routinely contested through labour courts regardless of contract wording. Notice is 30 days, and severance for employees with more than one year of tenure accrues at roughly 0.48 months of salary per year of service under the record data. On top of that, the statutory gratuity obligation under the Payment of Gratuity Act kicks in after five years of continuous service and is a separate, mandatory lump-sum entitlement. An EOR absorbs these obligations contractually, which matters because a foreign employer without a local entity has very limited practical ability to defend a labour court claim in India on its own.

Contractor arrangements carry real risk here. Indian tax and labour authorities look closely at long-term, directed engagements, and misclassification can trigger EPF and ESI back-contributions plus penalties. For any role that looks like a permanent, integrated position, a contractor structure is difficult to defend over time. An EOR is the cleaner structure for ongoing hires, and the entity route makes sense only once you have the volume and permanence to justify the setup and ongoing compliance cost.

India employment facts at a glance

Minimum wage (monthly)4,628 INRILOSTAT · 2024
Employer social contributions19.8% of grossISSA · 2024
Employee social contributions12.8% of grossISSA · 2024
Payroll cycleMonthlyEmploy Borderless research · 2026
13th salaryMandatoryEmploy Borderless research · 2026
Paid annual leave (minimum)12 working daysEmploy Borderless research · 2026
Public holidays (national)17 daysNational government · 2026
Paid maternity leave26 weeksEmploy Borderless research · 2026
Paid paternity leaveNoneEmploy Borderless research · 2026
Average weekly hours actually worked56.2 hoursILOSTAT · 2025
Statutory retirement age58Employ Borderless research · 2024
Trade union membership19.8% of employeesOECD/AIAS ICTWSS · 2017
Maximum probation period180 daysEmploy Borderless research · 2024
Statutory notice period30 daysEmploy Borderless research · 2024
Statutory severanceYes, from 0 months of salary per year of service (under 1 years)Employ Borderless research · 2024

Average salary in India by occupation

Gross monthly earnings of employees per ISCO-08 occupation group, in INR, from the ILO's official labour statistics. These are the latest published survey figures for India(reference year 2025), refreshed automatically when the ILO releases newer data. Survey earnings, not the statutory minimum wage above. Use them to benchmark an offer before an EOR quote turns it into total employer cost.

All occupations22,220$255
Managers · ISCO 150,473$579
Professionals · ISCO 238,298$439
Technicians and associate professionals · ISCO 326,152$300
Clerical support workers · ISCO 424,252$278
Service and sales workers · ISCO 515,575$179
Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers · ISCO 613,145$151
Craft and related trades workers · ISCO 716,825$193
Plant and machine operators and assemblers · ISCO 817,329$199
Elementary occupations · ISCO 911,530$132

Source: ILOSTAT, the International Labour Organization's statistics database (average monthly earnings of employees, both sexes), reference year 2025.

What it costs to employ in India

Mandatory employer contributionsOECD · 2026
Employees' Provident Fund (EPF, employer share — 8.33% of which routes to the EPS pension)12%
Employees' Deposit Linked Insurance (EDLI)0.5%
EPF administrative charges0.5%
Employees' State Insurance (ESI) — applies below wage ceiling3.25%
Total employer cost on top of gross salary16.25%
Calculate it for your salary
🇮🇳India
INR
🇮🇳
India
Employer cost breakdown · OECD 2026 data
+16.3% overhead
Gross annual salary₹50,000
Employer contributions
+ Employees' Provident Fund (EPF, employer share — 8.33% of which routes to the EPS pension) (12.0%)₹6,000
+ Employees' Deposit Linked Insurance (EDLI) (0.5%)₹250
+ EPF administrative charges (0.5%)₹250
+ Employees' State Insurance (ESI) — applies below wage ceiling (3.3%)₹1,625
Total employer cost₹58,125
What your employee pays (deductions)
Employees' Provident Fund (EPF) (12.0%)₹6,000
Employees' State Insurance (ESI) – health & social security (0.8%)₹375
Your employee's estimated take-home₹43,625

Based on OECD 2026 aggregate data for a single earner at average wage.

Termination and severance in India

India has strong employee protections requiring government permission for termination in establishments with 100+ workers under the Industrial Relations Code 2020. Employers must provide 30 days notice and severance pay of 15 days salary per year of service for employees with 1+ years tenure. Termination without cause is difficult and typically contested through labor courts.

Statutory notice period by tenure
TenureEmployer notice
0+ years30 days
Statutory severance by tenure
TenureSeverance per year of service
Under 1 years0 months of salary
1+ years0.48 months of salary

Source: Employ Borderless research · 2024. Statutory minimums; collective agreements and contracts can set higher terms. During the probation period (up to 180 days) shorter or no notice may apply.

What catches employers out in India

India's compliance obligations extend well beyond the headline contribution rates. Several of these catch foreign employers off guard precisely because they have no equivalent in other markets.

Statutory gratuity after five years of service

Under the Payment of Gratuity Act 1972, any employee who completes five or more years of continuous service is entitled to a mandatory lump-sum gratuity payment on resignation, retirement, superannuation, or death or disablement. This applies to white-collar staff as much as factory workers, and it is a legal entitlement, not a contractual benefit you can choose to offer or withhold. Foreign employers who treat long-service awards as discretionary are exposed to claims they did not budget for.

Source

Compulsory state-level establishment registration before the first hire

Most office, retail, and service businesses must register under the applicable State Shops and Establishments Act before hiring even a single employee. The Act governs working hours, leave entitlements, and basic employment conditions, and the rules differ by state. Foreign employers who treat a small Indian office or a remote hire as low-risk often skip this step, which puts every subsequent employment relationship on shaky legal ground from day one.

Source

Minimum wages vary by state, industry, and skill category

India's Minimum Wages Act does not set a single national floor. The applicable minimum wage depends on the state where the employee works, the scheduled industry or employment category, and the skill level of the role. Governments revise these rates periodically, so a salary band that was compliant at hire may fall below the local floor a year later. Foreign employers relying on a single global salary benchmark frequently underpay without realising it.

Source

EPF and ESI registration is not optional for covered establishments

Employers must register for and remit Employees' Provident Fund and, where wage thresholds are met, Employees' State Insurance contributions as part of standard payroll. These schemes cover a wide range of establishments, not just factories, and failure to register exposes employers to back contributions and penalties. Foreign companies sometimes assume social security contributions are voluntary or limited to certain sectors; in India they are not.

Source

State-level professional tax adds a layer to payroll

Several Indian states levy a professional tax on salaried employees, and employers are responsible for deducting and remitting it. This sits on top of national income-tax withholding (TDS) and social security contributions. There is no equivalent in most other jurisdictions, and foreign employers building payroll models for the first time in India routinely miss it until a state authority raises a query.

Source

Your next step

Our current top-rated EOR providers for India:

51 EOR providers can employ for you in India. Compare them independently, or tell us about your hire and get a shortlist matched to your situation.

Common questions about hiring in India

What does it cost an employer to hire in India?
The employer social contribution rate is 19.75 percent of gross salary, covering EPF, ESI, linked insurance, and administrative charges. On top of that, a mandatory thirteenth salary and, after five years of service, a statutory gratuity payment add to the total employment cost.
How quickly can I hire someone in India through an EOR?
An EOR hire in India can typically be live in three to five days. Setting up your own local entity takes three to six months once you account for company registration, tax, and social security registrations.
Is a thirteenth salary mandatory in India?
Yes, a thirteenth salary is mandatory in India. It is a statutory obligation, not a discretionary benefit.
What are the rules around termination and severance in India?
Employers must give 30 days of notice, and employees with more than one year of tenure are entitled to severance calculated at approximately 0.48 months of salary per year of service. In establishments above a certain size, the Industrial Relations Code 2020 requires government permission before termination, and dismissals are frequently challenged through labour courts.
How does statutory gratuity work in India?
Under the Payment of Gratuity Act 1972, any employee who completes five or more years of continuous service is entitled to a mandatory lump-sum gratuity payment when they resign, retire, reach superannuation, or in the event of death or disablement. This applies to all eligible employees, including white-collar staff, and is a legal entitlement rather than a contractual benefit.
What is the minimum wage in India?
The national floor is 4,628 INR per month, but the rate that actually applies to any given hire depends on the state, the industry or scheduled employment category, and the skill level of the role. Governments revise these rates periodically, so employers need to track the correct local notification for each employee's location and role.
How many EOR providers operate in India, and what do they charge?
Forty-four providers publish EOR services for India, with base fees ranging from $75 to $699 per employee per month. The spread reflects real differences in compliance depth, which matters in India given the volume of state-level and industry-specific obligations.